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JLPT N1 grammar · unit 32 of 37 · review
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L32Review L29–L31

Work from memory — don't look back at the earlier sheets. Write each pattern from its meaning, then write what each pattern in part 2 means.

1    Write the pattern from its meaning
Formal written pattern: "it may well do X, but certainly not Y." Affirms one thing emphatically while denying the opposite in the following clause.
V-masu stem + こそすれ;N(する動詞の語幹:悪化・感謝 等)+ こそすれ;N・na-adj語幹 + でこそあれ(後件は否定)
Emphasizes a large quantity: "as much as, no less than." 〜からある is used for size, weight or length, 〜からする for price. Written or formal speech.
数量詞 + からある(大きさ・重さ)/からする(値段)/からの + N
"It's only natural that ..." Shows sympathy with someone's reaction, especially anger or complaint. Neutral to slightly formal.
普通形 + のももっともだ(na-adj・N は 〜な + のも)
"Rather than do X, I'd sooner do Y." X is presented as the option the speaker finds unbearable. Common in speech and writing alike.
V-dict + くらいなら(後件に 〜ほうがましだ/〜ほうがいい)
Added to a verb stem, it means "left in that state" or "kept doing without a break." Often criticizes neglect; colloquial in tone.
V-masu stem + っぱなし(例:つけっぱなし、立ちっぱなし)
Marks the preceding fact as surprising or hard to believe. Often followed by 驚きだ/情けない, or left unfinished for effect. Emphatic, written or careful spoken style.
Plain form / N + とは (+驚きだ・思わなかった 等、または言い切り)
"After an interval of X." States how long it has been since something last happened. Neutral and very common in conversation and news.
時間を表す N + ぶりに/ぶりの + N(例:十年ぶりに)
Literary "even just, at least." Attached to small quantities to ask for or offer a minimum. Old-fashioned; appears in formal letters and set phrases.
N(少量・数量詞)+ なりとも(例:多少なりとも、一言なりとも)
Attaches to a noun to say something takes on the air or appearance of it. 〜びる is fairly neutral (大人びる); 〜じみる is usually negative (子供じみる, 芝居じみる). Mostly written/formal.
N + びる / N + じみる; attributive: N + びた / N + じみた + N
2    What does it mean?
〜てまで / 〜までして
〜ばきりがない
〜というものはない
〜ぐるみ
〜ながらの
〜ぐらいのものだ
〜ときては
〜だけましだ
〜(よ)うか〜まいか
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Japaneseness.
JLPT N1 grammar · unit 32 of 37 · answer key
ANSWER KEY

L32Review L29–L31

Answers to page 1. If you would rather work without them, print page 1 on its own.

1    Write the pattern from its meaning
Formal written pattern: "it may well do X, but certainly not Y." Affirms one thing emphatically while denying the opposite in the following clause.
V-masu stem + こそすれ;N(する動詞の語幹:悪化・感謝 等)+ こそすれ;N・na-adj語幹 + でこそあれ(後件は否定)
〜こそすれ
Emphasizes a large quantity: "as much as, no less than." 〜からある is used for size, weight or length, 〜からする for price. Written or formal speech.
数量詞 + からある(大きさ・重さ)/からする(値段)/からの + N
〜からある / 〜からする
"It's only natural that ..." Shows sympathy with someone's reaction, especially anger or complaint. Neutral to slightly formal.
普通形 + のももっともだ(na-adj・N は 〜な + のも)
〜のももっともだ
"Rather than do X, I'd sooner do Y." X is presented as the option the speaker finds unbearable. Common in speech and writing alike.
V-dict + くらいなら(後件に 〜ほうがましだ/〜ほうがいい)
〜くらいなら
Added to a verb stem, it means "left in that state" or "kept doing without a break." Often criticizes neglect; colloquial in tone.
V-masu stem + っぱなし(例:つけっぱなし、立ちっぱなし)
〜っぱなし
Marks the preceding fact as surprising or hard to believe. Often followed by 驚きだ/情けない, or left unfinished for effect. Emphatic, written or careful spoken style.
Plain form / N + とは (+驚きだ・思わなかった 等、または言い切り)
〜とは
"After an interval of X." States how long it has been since something last happened. Neutral and very common in conversation and news.
時間を表す N + ぶりに/ぶりの + N(例:十年ぶりに)
〜ぶりに
Literary "even just, at least." Attached to small quantities to ask for or offer a minimum. Old-fashioned; appears in formal letters and set phrases.
N(少量・数量詞)+ なりとも(例:多少なりとも、一言なりとも)
〜なりとも
Attaches to a noun to say something takes on the air or appearance of it. 〜びる is fairly neutral (大人びる); 〜じみる is usually negative (子供じみる, 芝居じみる). Mostly written/formal.
N + びる / N + じみる; attributive: N + びた / N + じみた + N
〜びる / 〜じみる
2    What does it mean?
〜てまで / 〜までして "Going so far as to do X." Marks an extreme, often excessive means taken to reach a goal, usually with criticism or surprise. 〜までして follows a noun. — V-te + まで;N + までして
〜ばきりがない "There's no end to it once you start." Says that listing, wanting or fixing something could go on forever. Neutral; frequent in explanations. — V-ba + きりがない(数え出せば・言い出せば などが典型)
〜というものはない States flatly that the thing named does not exist anywhere. Used for sweeping general truths; formal, common in essays and lectures. — N + というものはない
〜ぐるみ A suffix meaning "the whole of, involving everyone in" — 家族ぐるみ, 町ぐるみ, 会社ぐるみ. Neutral, though 組織ぐるみ usually implies collective wrongdoing. — N + ぐるみ(家族・町・会社 など。「〜ぐるみで」の形が多い)
〜ながらの Means 'in the same state as X, unchanged', used to modify a noun. Attaches to a limited set of words (昔, 生まれ, いつも, 涙). Formal and somewhat literary. — N / V-masu + ながらの + N (昔・生まれ・いつも など限られた語)
〜ぐらいのものだ "X is about the only one; that's about all there is." Limits the scope to one small case, often with mild resignation. Used in speech and writing. — N/V-dict + ぐらいのものだ(くらいのものだ も同じ)
〜ときては "When it comes to X." Singles out a topic in order to criticize it or explain a consequence. Colloquial and emphatic; 〜ときたら is the same. — N + ときては(〜ときたら も同義)
〜だけましだ "At least it's better than the worst case." Accepts a bad situation by pointing to one saving grace. Conversational, with a resigned tone. — 普通形 + だけましだ(na-adj は 〜な、N は 〜である + だけましだ)
〜(よ)うか〜まいか "Whether to do X or not." Expresses wavering between doing something and not doing it. Slightly formal; common in narration and considered speech. — V-(よ)う + か + V-dict + まいか(する → するまい/しまい/すまい)
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