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JLPT N2 grammar · unit 2 of 33
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J2 JLPT N2 grammar — 〜をはじめ … 〜をこめて

Read each pattern and its example, then write your own sentence on the line.

〜をはじめ N + をはじめ/をはじめとして;N + をはじめとする + N
Names the most representative member of a group first, implying many others follow. Formal written style, common in reports and announcements.
社長をはじめ、多くの社員が式に出席した。 Many employees attended the ceremony, the president foremost among them.
〜を通じて / 〜を通して N(手段・媒介・期間)+ を通じて/を通して
Marks a medium or intermediary ("via, through"), or a period during the whole of which something holds. を通して leans slightly more toward active use of the means; both are fairly formal.
友人を通じて彼を紹介してもらった。 I got an introduction to him through a friend.
〜を中心に N + を中心に/を中心として;N + を中心とする + N
"Centering on / mainly," showing what stands at the core of an activity, spread or arrangement. Neutral-to-formal; common in news and business explanations.
このアプリは若者を中心に広まっている。 This app is spreading mainly among young people.
〜を問わず N(年齢・経験・男女・昼夜 など)+ を問わず;「〜のいかんを問わず」も可
"Regardless of," saying that a difference in the named category makes no difference. Formal written style; typical in job ads, notices and rules.
この仕事は経験を問わず応募できます。 You can apply for this job regardless of experience.
〜を抜きにして N + を抜きにして/は抜きにして;N + を抜きにしては/抜きでは + 否定
"Leaving aside / without," removing something normally expected. With 〜を抜きにしては/抜きでは plus a negative it means "without X, Y would not happen." Neutral to slightly formal.
冗談を抜きにして、真面目に話しましょう。 Joking aside, let's talk seriously.
〜をこめて N(心・感謝・愛・祈り など感情の名詞)+ を込めて
"Putting (a feeling) into," used with emotion nouns such as 心, 感謝, 愛, 祈り. Slightly literary but common in letters, songs and everyday warm speech.
感謝を込めて手紙を書いた。 I wrote a letter full of gratitude.
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