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Plain form + のに (na-adj/noun + なのに). Means 'although / in spite of', with surprise, disappointment or complaint about an unexpected result.
V/i-adj plain + のに / N・na-adj + なのに
〜のに
それにしても + sentence. Means "even so / still", admitting a point but stressing that something goes beyond expectation.
S1。それにしても、S2
それにしても
Plain form + くせに (noun + のくせに, na-adj + なくせに). Means 'even though', with strong criticism or contempt for the subject.
V/i-adj plain + くせに / N + のくせに / na-adj + なくせに
〜くせに
Verb/i-adj (te-form) + も; noun/na-adj + でも. Means 'even if' or 'even though' — the result does not change.
V-te + も / i-adj: -くても / N・na-adj + でも
〜ても
Noun + も + V-ba / A-ければ + Noun + も. Means "both … and …", listing two things of the same kind.
N も V-ba / A-ければ、N も
〜も〜ば〜も
Sentence + ところが + sentence. Means "however / but", introducing a result that is contrary to what was expected.
S1。ところが、S2
ところが
Noun + しか + negative verb. Means "only / nothing but", stressing that the amount is small. V-dict + しかない means "have no choice but to".
N + しか + V-nai / V-dict + しかない
〜しかない
Verb (nai-form) + で. Means 'without doing X' when linking two actions, or 'please don't do X' with ください.
V-nai + で (+ ください)
〜ないで
N / V-dict + とか + N / V-dict + とか. Lists examples casually, 'things like A and B'. Implies there are others. Colloquial.
N/V-dict + とか + N/V-dict + とか
〜とか〜とか
それで / それから それで means "and so / therefore" (result); それから means "and then / after that" (sequence or addition). — S1。それで / それから、S2
〜など N + など. Means 'etc., such as, and so on'. Gives examples from a group. なんか is the casual spoken form. — N (+ や + N) + など
〜し Plain form + し. Lists two or more reasons or facts ("and also"), often implying there are more. — V-plain / A-i / A-na だ / N だ + し
〜ずに Verb ない-form (drop ない) + ずに (する → せずに). Means 'without doing', a more formal/written equivalent of ないで. — V-nai (drop ない) + ずに (する → せずに)
必ずしも〜ない 必ずしも + negative (often 〜とは限らない / 〜わけではない). Means "not necessarily / not always". — 必ずしも + V-nai / 〜とは限らない / 〜わけではない
全然〜ない / 少しも〜ない 全然 or 少しも + negative. Means "not at all", completely denying something. — 全然 / 少しも + V-nai / A-kunai
なかなか〜ない なかなか + negative verb. Means "not easily / just won't", showing that something does not happen as expected despite effort or waiting. — なかなか + V-nai
〜たり〜たりする Verb (ta-form) + り, repeated, + する. Lists representative actions: 'do things like A and B'. Also shows alternating actions. — V-ta + り、V-ta + り + する
確かに 確かに + sentence. Means "certainly / indeed", agreeing that something is true, often before adding "but …". — 確かに + S (〜が / 〜けど)