JLPT N5 vocabulary — the full list
600 words · 30 themes · printable sets →
Ctrl/Cmd + F finds a word. Each theme links to its two-page practice sheet.
Readings are the everyday ones; where a number has two, the sheet says so.
V1 Greetings and set phrases — あいさつ 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| おはようございます | おはようございます | ohayō gozaimasu | good morning | phrase |
| こんにちは | こんにちは | konnichiwa | hello, good afternoon | phrase |
| こんばんは | こんばんは | konbanwa | good evening | phrase |
| おやすみなさい | おやすみなさい | oyasuminasai | good night | phrase |
| さようなら | さようなら | sayōnara | goodbye | phrase |
| ありがとうございます | ありがとうございます | arigatō gozaimasu | thank you | phrase |
| どういたしまして | どういたしまして | dō itashimashite | you're welcome | phrase |
| すみません | すみません | sumimasen | excuse me, sorry | phrase |
| ごめんなさい | ごめんなさい | gomen nasai | I'm sorry | phrase |
| はい | はい | hai | yes | phrase |
| いいえ | いいえ | iie | no | phrase |
| はじめまして | はじめまして | hajimemashite | nice to meet you | phrase |
| お願いします | おねがいします | onegai shimasu | please (requesting) | phrase |
| どうぞ | どうぞ | dōzo | please, go ahead | phrase |
| どうも | どうも | dōmo | thanks (casual) | phrase |
| いただきます | いただきます | itadakimasu | said before eating | phrase |
| ごちそうさまでした | ごちそうさまでした | gochisōsama deshita | said after eating | phrase |
| いってきます | いってきます | ittekimasu | I'm off (leaving home) | phrase |
| ただいま | ただいま | tadaima | I'm home | phrase |
| お帰りなさい | おかえりなさい | okaerinasai | welcome home | phrase |
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 零 | れい | rei | zero (also ゼロ) | number |
| 一 | いち | ichi | one | number |
| 二 | に | ni | two | number |
| 三 | さん | san | three | number |
| 四 | よん | yon | four (also し) | number |
| 五 | ご | go | five | number |
| 六 | ろく | roku | six | number |
| 七 | なな | nana | seven (also しち) | number |
| 八 | はち | hachi | eight | number |
| 九 | きゅう | kyū | nine (also く) | number |
| 十 | じゅう | jū | ten | number |
| 百 | ひゃく | hyaku | hundred | number |
| 千 | せん | sen | thousand | number |
| 万 | まん | man | ten thousand | number |
| 半分 | はんぶん | hanbun | half | noun |
| 番号 | ばんごう | bangō | number (of a phone, room) | noun |
| 一番 | いちばん | ichiban | number one, the most | noun |
| 何 | なん | nan | what, how many (before a counter) | question word |
| たくさん | たくさん | takusan | a lot, many | adverb |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | zenbu | all, everything | noun |
V3 Counting things — 数え方 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 一つ | ひとつ | hitotsu | one (thing) | number |
| 二つ | ふたつ | futatsu | two (things) | number |
| 三つ | みっつ | mittsu | three (things) | number |
| 四つ | よっつ | yottsu | four (things) | number |
| 五つ | いつつ | itsutsu | five (things) | number |
| 六つ | むっつ | muttsu | six (things) | number |
| 七つ | ななつ | nanatsu | seven (things) | number |
| 八つ | やっつ | yattsu | eight (things) | number |
| 九つ | ここのつ | kokonotsu | nine (things) | number |
| 十 | とお | tō | ten (things) | number |
| 〜人 | 〜にん | -nin | counter for people | counter |
| 〜枚 | 〜まい | -mai | counter for flat things (paper, tickets) | counter |
| 〜本 | 〜ほん | -hon | counter for long things (pens, bottles) | counter |
| 〜匹 | 〜ひき | -hiki | counter for small animals | counter |
| 〜台 | 〜だい | -dai | counter for machines, vehicles | counter |
| 〜冊 | 〜さつ | -satsu | counter for books | counter |
| 〜個 | 〜こ | -ko | counter for small objects | counter |
| 〜回 | 〜かい | -kai | counter for times, occasions | counter |
| 〜歳 | 〜さい | -sai | counter for years of age | counter |
| 〜階 | 〜かい | -kai | counter for floors of a building | counter |
V4 The clock and parts of the day — 時間 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 〜時 | 〜じ | -ji | o'clock | counter |
| 〜分 | 〜ふん | -fun | minute(s) | counter |
| 半 | はん | han | half past | noun |
| 時間 | じかん | jikan | time; hour(s) | noun |
| 今 | いま | ima | now | noun |
| 午前 | ごぜん | gozen | a.m., morning | noun |
| 午後 | ごご | gogo | p.m., afternoon | noun |
| 朝 | あさ | asa | morning | noun |
| 昼 | ひる | hiru | noon, daytime | noun |
| 夕方 | ゆうがた | yūgata | evening (early) | noun |
| 夜 | よる | yoru | night | noun |
| 晩 | ばん | ban | evening, night | noun |
| 今朝 | けさ | kesa | this morning | noun |
| 今晩 | こんばん | konban | tonight | noun |
| 毎朝 | まいあさ | maiasa | every morning | noun |
| 毎晩 | まいばん | maiban | every night | noun |
| 毎日 | まいにち | mainichi | every day | noun |
| いつ | いつ | itsu | when | question word |
| 時々 | ときどき | tokidoki | sometimes | adverb |
| いつも | いつも | itsumo | always | adverb |
V5 Days, weeks, months, years — 曜日と月 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 月曜日 | げつようび | getsuyōbi | Monday | noun |
| 火曜日 | かようび | kayōbi | Tuesday | noun |
| 水曜日 | すいようび | suiyōbi | Wednesday | noun |
| 木曜日 | もくようび | mokuyōbi | Thursday | noun |
| 金曜日 | きんようび | kin'yōbi | Friday | noun |
| 土曜日 | どようび | doyōbi | Saturday | noun |
| 日曜日 | にちようび | nichiyōbi | Sunday | noun |
| 今日 | きょう | kyō | today | noun |
| 明日 | あした | ashita | tomorrow | noun |
| 昨日 | きのう | kinō | yesterday | noun |
| 週 | しゅう | shū | week | noun |
| 先週 | せんしゅう | senshū | last week | noun |
| 今週 | こんしゅう | konshū | this week | noun |
| 来週 | らいしゅう | raishū | next week | noun |
| 先月 | せんげつ | sengetsu | last month | noun |
| 今月 | こんげつ | kongetsu | this month | noun |
| 来月 | らいげつ | raigetsu | next month | noun |
| 去年 | きょねん | kyonen | last year | noun |
| 今年 | ことし | kotoshi | this year | noun |
| 来年 | らいねん | rainen | next year | noun |
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 家族 | かぞく | kazoku | family | noun |
| 父 | ちち | chichi | (my) father | noun |
| 母 | はは | haha | (my) mother | noun |
| お父さん | おとうさん | otōsan | father (someone else's; or addressing yours) | noun |
| お母さん | おかあさん | okāsan | mother (someone else's; or addressing yours) | noun |
| 両親 | りょうしん | ryōshin | parents | noun |
| 兄 | あに | ani | (my) older brother | noun |
| 姉 | あね | ane | (my) older sister | noun |
| お兄さん | おにいさん | oniisan | older brother (someone else's) | noun |
| お姉さん | おねえさん | onēsan | older sister (someone else's) | noun |
| 弟 | おとうと | otōto | younger brother | noun |
| 妹 | いもうと | imōto | younger sister | noun |
| 兄弟 | きょうだい | kyōdai | brothers and sisters, siblings | noun |
| おじいさん | おじいさん | ojiisan | grandfather; old man | noun |
| おばあさん | おばあさん | obāsan | grandmother; old woman | noun |
| おじさん | おじさん | ojisan | uncle; middle-aged man | noun |
| おばさん | おばさん | obasan | aunt; middle-aged woman | noun |
| 子ども | こども | kodomo | child | noun |
| 夫 | おっと | otto | (my) husband | noun |
| 妻 | つま | tsuma | (my) wife | noun |
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 私 | わたし | watashi | I, me | pronoun |
| 僕 | ぼく | boku | I, me (male, casual) | pronoun |
| あなた | あなた | anata | you | pronoun |
| 彼 | かれ | kare | he; boyfriend | pronoun |
| 彼女 | かのじょ | kanojo | she; girlfriend | pronoun |
| 人 | ひと | hito | person | noun |
| 男 | おとこ | otoko | man, male | noun |
| 女 | おんな | onna | woman, female | noun |
| 男の子 | おとこのこ | otokonoko | boy | noun |
| 女の子 | おんなのこ | onnanoko | girl | noun |
| 友達 | ともだち | tomodachi | friend | noun |
| 先生 | せんせい | sensei | teacher | noun |
| 学生 | がくせい | gakusei | student | noun |
| 生徒 | せいと | seito | pupil, school student | noun |
| 医者 | いしゃ | isha | doctor | noun |
| 会社員 | かいしゃいん | kaishain | company employee | noun |
| 外国人 | がいこくじん | gaikokujin | foreigner | noun |
| 皆さん | みなさん | minasan | everyone (polite) | noun |
| 〜さん | 〜さん | -san | Mr / Ms (after a name) | noun |
| 誰 | だれ | dare | who | question word |
V8 This, that, which — こそあど 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| これ | これ | kore | this (thing) | demonstrative |
| それ | それ | sore | that (thing, near you) | demonstrative |
| あれ | あれ | are | that (thing, over there) | demonstrative |
| どれ | どれ | dore | which (thing) | question word |
| この | この | kono | this … (before a noun) | demonstrative |
| その | その | sono | that … (near you) | demonstrative |
| あの | あの | ano | that … (over there) | demonstrative |
| どの | どの | dono | which … | question word |
| ここ | ここ | koko | here | demonstrative |
| そこ | そこ | soko | there (near you) | demonstrative |
| あそこ | あそこ | asoko | over there | demonstrative |
| どこ | どこ | doko | where | question word |
| こちら | こちら | kochira | this way; this person (polite) | demonstrative |
| そちら | そちら | sochira | that way; you (polite) | demonstrative |
| あちら | あちら | achira | that way over there | demonstrative |
| どちら | どちら | dochira | which way; which of two | question word |
| どう | どう | dō | how | question word |
| どうして | どうして | dōshite | why | question word |
| いくら | いくら | ikura | how much (money) | question word |
| いくつ | いくつ | ikutsu | how many; how old | question word |
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 家 | いえ | ie | house, home | noun |
| うち | うち | uchi | home; my family | noun |
| 部屋 | へや | heya | room | noun |
| 玄関 | げんかん | genkan | entrance hall | noun |
| 台所 | だいどころ | daidokoro | kitchen | noun |
| お風呂 | おふろ | ofuro | bath | noun |
| トイレ | トイレ | toire | toilet | noun |
| 庭 | にわ | niwa | garden | noun |
| 窓 | まど | mado | window | noun |
| ドア | ドア | doa | door | noun |
| 机 | つくえ | tsukue | desk | noun |
| 椅子 | いす | isu | chair | noun |
| テーブル | テーブル | tēburu | table | noun |
| ベッド | ベッド | beddo | bed | noun |
| 本棚 | ほんだな | hondana | bookshelf | noun |
| 電気 | でんき | denki | electricity; the light | noun |
| 冷蔵庫 | れいぞうこ | reizōko | refrigerator | noun |
| テレビ | テレビ | terebi | television | noun |
| 鍵 | かぎ | kagi | key | noun |
| 階段 | かいだん | kaidan | stairs | noun |
V10 Everyday objects — 身の回りの物 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 本 | ほん | hon | book | noun |
| ノート | ノート | nōto | notebook | noun |
| 鉛筆 | えんぴつ | enpitsu | pencil | noun |
| ペン | ペン | pen | pen | noun |
| 消しゴム | けしゴム | keshigomu | eraser | noun |
| 辞書 | じしょ | jisho | dictionary | noun |
| 新聞 | しんぶん | shinbun | newspaper | noun |
| 雑誌 | ざっし | zasshi | magazine | noun |
| 手紙 | てがみ | tegami | letter | noun |
| 写真 | しゃしん | shashin | photograph | noun |
| 時計 | とけい | tokei | clock, watch | noun |
| 眼鏡 | めがね | megane | glasses | noun |
| 傘 | かさ | kasa | umbrella | noun |
| 鞄 | かばん | kaban | bag | noun |
| 財布 | さいふ | saifu | wallet | noun |
| お金 | おかね | okane | money | noun |
| 切手 | きって | kitte | postage stamp | noun |
| 荷物 | にもつ | nimotsu | luggage, parcel | noun |
| 電話 | でんわ | denwa | telephone | noun |
| カメラ | カメラ | kamera | camera | noun |
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 服 | ふく | fuku | clothes | noun |
| 洋服 | ようふく | yōfuku | Western-style clothes | noun |
| シャツ | シャツ | shatsu | shirt | noun |
| ズボン | ズボン | zubon | trousers | noun |
| スカート | スカート | sukāto | skirt | noun |
| 上着 | うわぎ | uwagi | jacket, coat | noun |
| コート | コート | kōto | coat | noun |
| セーター | セーター | sētā | sweater | noun |
| ネクタイ | ネクタイ | nekutai | necktie | noun |
| 帽子 | ぼうし | bōshi | hat, cap | noun |
| 靴 | くつ | kutsu | shoes | noun |
| 靴下 | くつした | kutsushita | socks | noun |
| ポケット | ポケット | poketto | pocket | noun |
| ボタン | ボタン | botan | button | noun |
| 着る | きる | kiru | to wear, put on (upper body) | verb |
| 履く | はく | haku | to wear, put on (lower body, shoes) | verb |
| かぶる | かぶる | kaburu | to wear, put on (hat) | verb |
| 脱ぐ | ぬぐ | nugu | to take off (clothes) | verb |
| 洗濯 | せんたく | sentaku | laundry | noun |
| 洗う | あらう | arau | to wash | verb |
V12 Body and health — 体と健康 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 体 | からだ | karada | body | noun |
| 頭 | あたま | atama | head | noun |
| 顔 | かお | kao | face | noun |
| 目 | め | me | eye | noun |
| 耳 | みみ | mimi | ear | noun |
| 鼻 | はな | hana | nose | noun |
| 口 | くち | kuchi | mouth | noun |
| 歯 | は | ha | tooth | noun |
| 手 | て | te | hand, arm | noun |
| 足 | あし | ashi | foot, leg | noun |
| お腹 | おなか | onaka | stomach, belly | noun |
| 背 | せ | se | height; back | noun |
| 髪 | かみ | kami | hair | noun |
| 声 | こえ | koe | voice | noun |
| 病気 | びょうき | byōki | illness | noun |
| 風邪 | かぜ | kaze | a cold | noun |
| 熱 | ねつ | netsu | fever | noun |
| 薬 | くすり | kusuri | medicine | noun |
| 痛い | いたい | itai | painful, it hurts | い-adjective |
| 元気 | げんき | genki | healthy, well, lively | な-adjective |
V13 Food and drink — 食べ物と飲み物 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 食べ物 | たべもの | tabemono | food | noun |
| 飲み物 | のみもの | nomimono | drink | noun |
| ご飯 | ごはん | gohan | cooked rice; a meal | noun |
| 朝ご飯 | あさごはん | asagohan | breakfast | noun |
| 昼ご飯 | ひるごはん | hirugohan | lunch | noun |
| 晩ご飯 | ばんごはん | bangohan | dinner | noun |
| パン | パン | pan | bread | noun |
| 卵 | たまご | tamago | egg | noun |
| 肉 | にく | niku | meat | noun |
| 魚 | さかな | sakana | fish | noun |
| 野菜 | やさい | yasai | vegetables | noun |
| 果物 | くだもの | kudamono | fruit | noun |
| 水 | みず | mizu | water | noun |
| お茶 | おちゃ | ocha | tea (green) | noun |
| コーヒー | コーヒー | kōhī | coffee | noun |
| 牛乳 | ぎゅうにゅう | gyūnyū | milk | noun |
| お酒 | おさけ | osake | alcohol, sake | noun |
| 塩 | しお | shio | salt | noun |
| 砂糖 | さとう | satō | sugar | noun |
| 料理 | りょうり | ryōri | cooking; a dish | noun |
V14 Eating out — 外食 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| レストラン | レストラン | resutoran | restaurant | noun |
| 食堂 | しょくどう | shokudō | cafeteria, dining hall | noun |
| 喫茶店 | きっさてん | kissaten | coffee shop, café | noun |
| メニュー | メニュー | menyū | menu | noun |
| お弁当 | おべんとう | obentō | boxed lunch | noun |
| りんご | りんご | ringo | apple | noun |
| みかん | みかん | mikan | mandarin orange | noun |
| バナナ | バナナ | banana | banana | noun |
| 鶏肉 | とりにく | toriniku | chicken (meat) | noun |
| 豚肉 | ぶたにく | butaniku | pork | noun |
| 牛肉 | ぎゅうにく | gyūniku | beef | noun |
| カレー | カレー | karē | curry | noun |
| 寿司 | すし | sushi | sushi | noun |
| お菓子 | おかし | okashi | sweets, snacks | noun |
| ケーキ | ケーキ | kēki | cake | noun |
| ジュース | ジュース | jūsu | juice | noun |
| 箸 | はし | hashi | chopsticks | noun |
| コップ | コップ | koppu | glass, cup | noun |
| お皿 | おさら | osara | plate | noun |
| 美味しい | おいしい | oishii | delicious | い-adjective |
V15 Around town — 町 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 町 | まち | machi | town | noun |
| 駅 | えき | eki | station | noun |
| 銀行 | ぎんこう | ginkō | bank | noun |
| 郵便局 | ゆうびんきょく | yūbinkyoku | post office | noun |
| 病院 | びょういん | byōin | hospital | noun |
| 図書館 | としょかん | toshokan | library | noun |
| 公園 | こうえん | kōen | park | noun |
| 店 | みせ | mise | shop | noun |
| デパート | デパート | depāto | department store | noun |
| スーパー | スーパー | sūpā | supermarket | noun |
| 会社 | かいしゃ | kaisha | company, office | noun |
| 映画館 | えいがかん | eigakan | cinema | noun |
| ホテル | ホテル | hoteru | hotel | noun |
| 交番 | こうばん | kōban | police box | noun |
| 大使館 | たいしかん | taishikan | embassy | noun |
| 道 | みち | michi | road, way | noun |
| 橋 | はし | hashi | bridge | noun |
| 角 | かど | kado | corner | noun |
| 交差点 | こうさてん | kōsaten | crossroads | noun |
| 建物 | たてもの | tatemono | building | noun |
V16 Getting around — 乗り物と旅行 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 電車 | でんしゃ | densha | train | noun |
| 地下鉄 | ちかてつ | chikatetsu | subway | noun |
| バス | バス | basu | bus | noun |
| タクシー | タクシー | takushī | taxi | noun |
| 自転車 | じてんしゃ | jitensha | bicycle | noun |
| 車 | くるま | kuruma | car | noun |
| 飛行機 | ひこうき | hikōki | aeroplane | noun |
| 船 | ふね | fune | ship, boat | noun |
| 切符 | きっぷ | kippu | ticket | noun |
| 空港 | くうこう | kūkō | airport | noun |
| 旅行 | りょこう | ryokō | travel, trip | noun |
| 地図 | ちず | chizu | map | noun |
| 外国 | がいこく | gaikoku | foreign country | noun |
| 国 | くに | kuni | country | noun |
| 入口 | いりぐち | iriguchi | entrance | noun |
| 出口 | でぐち | deguchi | exit | noun |
| 乗る | のる | noru | to get on, ride | verb |
| 降りる | おりる | oriru | to get off | verb |
| 着く | つく | tsuku | to arrive | verb |
| まっすぐ | まっすぐ | massugu | straight ahead | adverb |
V17 Nature and weather — 自然と天気 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 天気 | てんき | tenki | weather | noun |
| 雨 | あめ | ame | rain | noun |
| 雪 | ゆき | yuki | snow | noun |
| 風 | かぜ | kaze | wind | noun |
| 晴れ | はれ | hare | clear weather | noun |
| 曇り | くもり | kumori | cloudy weather | noun |
| 空 | そら | sora | sky | noun |
| 山 | やま | yama | mountain | noun |
| 川 | かわ | kawa | river | noun |
| 海 | うみ | umi | sea | noun |
| 木 | き | ki | tree | noun |
| 花 | はな | hana | flower | noun |
| 春 | はる | haru | spring | noun |
| 夏 | なつ | natsu | summer | noun |
| 秋 | あき | aki | autumn | noun |
| 冬 | ふゆ | fuyu | winter | noun |
| 動物 | どうぶつ | dōbutsu | animal | noun |
| 犬 | いぬ | inu | dog | noun |
| 猫 | ねこ | neko | cat | noun |
| 鳥 | とり | tori | bird | noun |
V18 School and study — 学校と勉強 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 学校 | がっこう | gakkō | school | noun |
| 大学 | だいがく | daigaku | university | noun |
| 教室 | きょうしつ | kyōshitsu | classroom | noun |
| 授業 | じゅぎょう | jugyō | class, lesson | noun |
| 宿題 | しゅくだい | shukudai | homework | noun |
| テスト | テスト | tesuto | test | noun |
| 質問 | しつもん | shitsumon | question | noun |
| 答え | こたえ | kotae | answer | noun |
| 問題 | もんだい | mondai | problem, question (on a test) | noun |
| 言葉 | ことば | kotoba | word; language | noun |
| 意味 | いみ | imi | meaning | noun |
| 漢字 | かんじ | kanji | kanji | noun |
| 平仮名 | ひらがな | hiragana | hiragana | noun |
| 片仮名 | かたかな | katakana | katakana | noun |
| 日本語 | にほんご | nihongo | Japanese language | noun |
| 英語 | えいご | eigo | English language | noun |
| 勉強 | べんきょう | benkyō | study | noun |
| 練習 | れんしゅう | renshū | practice | noun |
| 黒板 | こくばん | kokuban | blackboard | noun |
| 休み | やすみ | yasumi | holiday, day off, break | noun |
V19 Work and free time — 仕事と趣味 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 仕事 | しごと | shigoto | work, job | noun |
| 会議 | かいぎ | kaigi | meeting | noun |
| 買い物 | かいもの | kaimono | shopping | noun |
| 掃除 | そうじ | sōji | cleaning | noun |
| 散歩 | さんぽ | sanpo | a walk | noun |
| 音楽 | おんがく | ongaku | music | noun |
| 歌 | うた | uta | song | noun |
| 映画 | えいが | eiga | film, movie | noun |
| スポーツ | スポーツ | supōtsu | sport | noun |
| テニス | テニス | tenisu | tennis | noun |
| サッカー | サッカー | sakkā | football, soccer | noun |
| プール | プール | pūru | swimming pool | noun |
| パーティー | パーティー | pātī | party | noun |
| 趣味 | しゅみ | shumi | hobby | noun |
| 絵 | え | e | picture, painting | noun |
| ニュース | ニュース | nyūsu | news | noun |
| ラジオ | ラジオ | rajio | radio | noun |
| パソコン | パソコン | pasokon | computer (PC) | noun |
| 週末 | しゅうまつ | shūmatsu | weekend | noun |
| 暇 | ひま | hima | free time; not busy | な-adjective |
V20 Verbs 1: the daily routine — 動詞 1・毎日すること 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 起きる | おきる | okiru | to get up, wake up | verb |
| 寝る | ねる | neru | to sleep, go to bed | verb |
| 食べる | たべる | taberu | to eat | verb |
| 飲む | のむ | nomu | to drink | verb |
| 見る | みる | miru | to see, watch | verb |
| 聞く | きく | kiku | to listen, hear; to ask | verb |
| 読む | よむ | yomu | to read | verb |
| 書く | かく | kaku | to write | verb |
| 話す | はなす | hanasu | to speak, talk | verb |
| 行く | いく | iku | to go | verb |
| 来る | くる | kuru | to come | verb |
| 帰る | かえる | kaeru | to go home, return | verb |
| 買う | かう | kau | to buy | verb |
| 使う | つかう | tsukau | to use | verb |
| 働く | はたらく | hataraku | to work | verb |
| 休む | やすむ | yasumu | to rest, take a day off | verb |
| 会う | あう | au | to meet | verb |
| 待つ | まつ | matsu | to wait | verb |
| 立つ | たつ | tatsu | to stand | verb |
| 座る | すわる | suwaru | to sit | verb |
V21 Verbs 2: doing things — 動詞 2・物を扱う 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| する | する | suru | to do | verb |
| 作る | つくる | tsukuru | to make | verb |
| 出す | だす | dasu | to take out, hand in | verb |
| 入れる | いれる | ireru | to put in | verb |
| 開ける | あける | akeru | to open (something) | verb |
| 閉める | しめる | shimeru | to close (something) | verb |
| 取る | とる | toru | to take, pick up | verb |
| 持つ | もつ | motsu | to hold, have | verb |
| 貸す | かす | kasu | to lend | verb |
| 借りる | かりる | kariru | to borrow | verb |
| 送る | おくる | okuru | to send | verb |
| 教える | おしえる | oshieru | to teach, tell | verb |
| 習う | ならう | narau | to learn (from someone) | verb |
| 分かる | わかる | wakaru | to understand | verb |
| 知る | しる | shiru | to know, find out | verb |
| 忘れる | わすれる | wasureru | to forget | verb |
| 始まる | はじまる | hajimaru | to begin (something begins) | verb |
| 終わる | おわる | owaru | to end (something ends) | verb |
| つける | つける | tsukeru | to turn on | verb |
| 消す | けす | kesu | to turn off; to erase | verb |
V22 Verbs 3: movement and things that happen — 動詞 3・移動と変化 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 出る | でる | deru | to go out, leave | verb |
| 入る | はいる | hairu | to enter | verb |
| 歩く | あるく | aruku | to walk | verb |
| 走る | はしる | hashiru | to run | verb |
| 泳ぐ | およぐ | oyogu | to swim | verb |
| 飛ぶ | とぶ | tobu | to fly | verb |
| 登る | のぼる | noboru | to climb | verb |
| 渡る | わたる | wataru | to cross | verb |
| 曲がる | まがる | magaru | to turn (a corner) | verb |
| 止まる | とまる | tomaru | to stop | verb |
| 降る | ふる | furu | to fall (rain, snow) | verb |
| 吹く | ふく | fuku | to blow (wind) | verb |
| 晴れる | はれる | hareru | to clear up (weather) | verb |
| 咲く | さく | saku | to bloom | verb |
| 生まれる | うまれる | umareru | to be born | verb |
| 死ぬ | しぬ | shinu | to die | verb |
| 住む | すむ | sumu | to live (in a place) | verb |
| 勤める | つとめる | tsutomeru | to work for (a company) | verb |
| 困る | こまる | komaru | to be in trouble | verb |
| 疲れる | つかれる | tsukareru | to get tired | verb |
V23 Verbs 4: saying, playing, everyday actions — 動詞 4・その他 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 言う | いう | iu | to say | verb |
| 呼ぶ | よぶ | yobu | to call (a name); invite | verb |
| 頼む | たのむ | tanomu | to ask for, request | verb |
| 答える | こたえる | kotaeru | to answer | verb |
| 遊ぶ | あそぶ | asobu | to play, have fun | verb |
| 歌う | うたう | utau | to sing | verb |
| 吸う | すう | suu | to smoke; inhale | verb |
| 切る | きる | kiru | to cut | verb |
| 押す | おす | osu | to push, press | verb |
| 引く | ひく | hiku | to pull | verb |
| 並ぶ | ならぶ | narabu | to line up | verb |
| 並べる | ならべる | naraberu | to line (things) up | verb |
| 磨く | みがく | migaku | to brush (teeth), polish | verb |
| 浴びる | あびる | abiru | to take (a shower) | verb |
| 撮る | とる | toru | to take (a photo) | verb |
| 売る | うる | uru | to sell | verb |
| 置く | おく | oku | to put, place | verb |
| 返す | かえす | kaesu | to give back | verb |
| 要る | いる | iru | to need | verb |
| 違う | ちがう | chigau | to be different; to be wrong | verb |
V24 い-adjectives 1: size, distance, price — い形容詞 1・大きさと距離 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 大きい | おおきい | ōkii | big | い-adjective |
| 小さい | ちいさい | chiisai | small | い-adjective |
| 新しい | あたらしい | atarashii | new | い-adjective |
| 古い | ふるい | furui | old (things) | い-adjective |
| 高い | たかい | takai | tall, high; expensive | い-adjective |
| 安い | やすい | yasui | cheap | い-adjective |
| 低い | ひくい | hikui | low, short (height) | い-adjective |
| 長い | ながい | nagai | long | い-adjective |
| 短い | みじかい | mijikai | short (length) | い-adjective |
| 広い | ひろい | hiroi | wide, spacious | い-adjective |
| 狭い | せまい | semai | narrow, cramped | い-adjective |
| 重い | おもい | omoi | heavy | い-adjective |
| 軽い | かるい | karui | light (weight) | い-adjective |
| 早い | はやい | hayai | early | い-adjective |
| 速い | はやい | hayai | fast | い-adjective |
| 遅い | おそい | osoi | late; slow | い-adjective |
| 近い | ちかい | chikai | near | い-adjective |
| 遠い | とおい | tōi | far | い-adjective |
| 多い | おおい | ōi | many, much | い-adjective |
| 少ない | すくない | sukunai | few, little | い-adjective |
V25 い-adjectives 2: feelings, weather, taste — い形容詞 2・気持ちと天気 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 暑い | あつい | atsui | hot (weather) | い-adjective |
| 寒い | さむい | samui | cold (weather) | い-adjective |
| 熱い | あつい | atsui | hot (to touch) | い-adjective |
| 冷たい | つめたい | tsumetai | cold (to touch) | い-adjective |
| 暖かい | あたたかい | atatakai | warm | い-adjective |
| 涼しい | すずしい | suzushii | cool (weather) | い-adjective |
| 明るい | あかるい | akarui | bright | い-adjective |
| 暗い | くらい | kurai | dark | い-adjective |
| 良い | いい | ii | good (also よい) | い-adjective |
| 悪い | わるい | warui | bad | い-adjective |
| 面白い | おもしろい | omoshiroi | interesting, funny | い-adjective |
| つまらない | つまらない | tsumaranai | boring | い-adjective |
| 楽しい | たのしい | tanoshii | fun, enjoyable | い-adjective |
| 難しい | むずかしい | muzukashii | difficult | い-adjective |
| 易しい | やさしい | yasashii | easy | い-adjective |
| 忙しい | いそがしい | isogashii | busy | い-adjective |
| 甘い | あまい | amai | sweet | い-adjective |
| 辛い | からい | karai | spicy, hot | い-adjective |
| 欲しい | ほしい | hoshii | wanted, desired | い-adjective |
| 危ない | あぶない | abunai | dangerous | い-adjective |
V26 い-adjectives 3: describing people and things — い形容詞 3・人と物 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 若い | わかい | wakai | young | い-adjective |
| 強い | つよい | tsuyoi | strong | い-adjective |
| 弱い | よわい | yowai | weak | い-adjective |
| 優しい | やさしい | yasashii | kind, gentle | い-adjective |
| 汚い | きたない | kitanai | dirty | い-adjective |
| 丸い | まるい | marui | round | い-adjective |
| 太い | ふとい | futoi | thick, fat | い-adjective |
| 細い | ほそい | hosoi | thin, slender | い-adjective |
| 厚い | あつい | atsui | thick (a book, a coat) | い-adjective |
| 薄い | うすい | usui | thin; weak (tea); pale | い-adjective |
| まずい | まずい | mazui | bad-tasting | い-adjective |
| うるさい | うるさい | urusai | noisy | い-adjective |
| 白い | しろい | shiroi | white | い-adjective |
| 黒い | くろい | kuroi | black | い-adjective |
| 赤い | あかい | akai | red | い-adjective |
| 青い | あおい | aoi | blue | い-adjective |
| 黄色い | きいろい | kiiroi | yellow | い-adjective |
| 茶色い | ちゃいろい | chairoi | brown | い-adjective |
| ない | ない | nai | there is none; not | い-adjective |
| もっと | もっと | motto | more | adverb |
V27 な-adjectives — な形容詞 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 好き | すき | suki | liked, favourite | な-adjective |
| 嫌い | きらい | kirai | disliked | な-adjective |
| 上手 | じょうず | jōzu | good at, skilful | な-adjective |
| 下手 | へた | heta | bad at, unskilful | な-adjective |
| 静か | しずか | shizuka | quiet | な-adjective |
| 賑やか | にぎやか | nigiyaka | lively, bustling | な-adjective |
| 便利 | べんり | benri | convenient | な-adjective |
| 有名 | ゆうめい | yūmei | famous | な-adjective |
| 親切 | しんせつ | shinsetsu | kind, helpful | な-adjective |
| 綺麗 | きれい | kirei | pretty; clean | な-adjective |
| 簡単 | かんたん | kantan | simple, easy | な-adjective |
| 大変 | たいへん | taihen | hard, tough; very | な-adjective |
| 大丈夫 | だいじょうぶ | daijōbu | all right, OK | な-adjective |
| 立派 | りっぱ | rippa | splendid, fine | な-adjective |
| 丈夫 | じょうぶ | jōbu | sturdy; healthy | な-adjective |
| 色々 | いろいろ | iroiro | various | な-adjective |
| 同じ | おなじ | onaji | same | な-adjective |
| 結構 | けっこう | kekkō | fine, no thank you; quite | な-adjective |
| 大切 | たいせつ | taisetsu | important, precious | な-adjective |
| 嫌 | いや | iya | unpleasant; not wanting to | な-adjective |
V28 Colours and shapes — 色と形 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 色 | いろ | iro | colour | noun |
| 白 | しろ | shiro | white | noun |
| 黒 | くろ | kuro | black | noun |
| 赤 | あか | aka | red | noun |
| 青 | あお | ao | blue | noun |
| 黄色 | きいろ | kiiro | yellow | noun |
| 緑 | みどり | midori | green | noun |
| 茶色 | ちゃいろ | chairo | brown | noun |
| 紫 | むらさき | murasaki | purple | noun |
| ピンク | ピンク | pinku | pink | noun |
| 灰色 | はいいろ | haiiro | grey | noun |
| オレンジ | オレンジ | orenji | orange (colour) | noun |
| 金 | きん | kin | gold | noun |
| 銀 | ぎん | gin | silver | noun |
| 形 | かたち | katachi | shape | noun |
| 大きさ | おおきさ | ōkisa | size | noun |
| 四角 | しかく | shikaku | square | noun |
| 丸 | まる | maru | circle | noun |
| 星 | ほし | hoshi | star | noun |
| 月 | つき | tsuki | moon | noun |
V29 Adverbs and connectors — 副詞と接続詞 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| とても | とても | totemo | very | adverb |
| 少し | すこし | sukoshi | a little | adverb |
| ちょっと | ちょっと | chotto | a bit; just a moment | adverb |
| よく | よく | yoku | often; well | adverb |
| まだ | まだ | mada | still; not yet | adverb |
| もう | もう | mō | already; (with a number) more | adverb |
| すぐ | すぐ | sugu | at once, soon | adverb |
| 一緒に | いっしょに | issho ni | together | adverb |
| ゆっくり | ゆっくり | yukkuri | slowly | adverb |
| だんだん | だんだん | dandan | gradually | adverb |
| 大体 | だいたい | daitai | roughly, mostly | adverb |
| 本当に | ほんとうに | hontō ni | really | adverb |
| 多分 | たぶん | tabun | probably | adverb |
| また | また | mata | again | adverb |
| 先に | さきに | saki ni | first, ahead | adverb |
| そして | そして | soshite | and then | conjunction |
| それから | それから | sorekara | after that | conjunction |
| でも | でも | demo | but | conjunction |
| だから | だから | dakara | so, therefore | conjunction |
| じゃあ | じゃあ | jā | well then | conjunction |
V30 Position and direction — 位置と方向 🖨 sheet →
| Word | Reading | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 上 | うえ | ue | on, above | noun |
| 下 | した | shita | under, below | noun |
| 中 | なか | naka | inside | noun |
| 外 | そと | soto | outside | noun |
| 前 | まえ | mae | in front; before | noun |
| 後ろ | うしろ | ushiro | behind | noun |
| 右 | みぎ | migi | right | noun |
| 左 | ひだり | hidari | left | noun |
| 隣 | となり | tonari | next to, next door | noun |
| 横 | よこ | yoko | beside; sideways | noun |
| 近く | ちかく | chikaku | nearby | noun |
| 側 | そば | soba | close by, beside | noun |
| 間 | あいだ | aida | between | noun |
| 向こう | むこう | mukō | over there, the other side | noun |
| 東 | ひがし | higashi | east | noun |
| 西 | にし | nishi | west | noun |
| 南 | みなみ | minami | south | noun |
| 北 | きた | kita | north | noun |
| 先 | さき | saki | ahead; tip | noun |
| 方 | ほう | hō | direction; side (of a comparison) | noun |